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Eclipse Soundscapes Apprentice Training

Lesson 4 - Eclipse Maximum by Eclipse Type

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Apprentice Home

Video Time: All (4:29) of this video will play for this lesson.

Two different solar eclipses will be happening in the US soon! There will be an annular eclipse on October 14, 2023 and a total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024. Because these are different kinds of solar eclipses, what you experience will be a little different.


ANNULAR ECLIPSE

The Moon appears as a smooth black disk that blocks the center of the Sun. As a result, the Sun appears to be a very bright ring of fire, glowing around the Moon’s circular edge.
Annular Solar Eclipse - Annularity; Copyright Talha Zia 2020

Maximum Phase - Annularity

The maximum phase of the annular eclipse is annularity. Annularity is when the Moon blocks the center of the Sun from view. Eclipses can take hours, but annularity only lasts for less than a minute or as long as twelve minutes. During annularity, the Moon blocks the center of the Sun from view. This makes the Sun look like a “ring of fire.”  In fact, annular eclipses are often called  “Ring of Fire” eclipses. If you want to look at annularity, you MUST protect eyes with special eclipse glasses because all of the Sun’s powerful rays are not blocked.


TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE

The moon’s black disk completely covers the sun. Now, in the absence of the sun’s full light, its massive outer corona is revealed. Uniquely visible during a full eclipse, grand flourishes of light called helmet streamers extend in all directions behind the moon’s black disk. At the edge of the moon, the helmet streamers are intensely bright, fading to wisps of ghostly white as they stretch across space, far from the moon, like flower petals.
Total Solar Eclipse - Totality; Copyright: Miloslav Druckmüller & Peter Aniol 2006

Maximum Phase - Totality

The maximum phase of the total solar eclipse is totality. Totality is when the Moon blocks the entire Sun. Eclipses can take hours, but totality only lasts 1-7 minutes. With the Moon blocking the entire Sun, you can see the Sun’s bright outer atmosphere called the corona, which is not usually visible. The Sun’s bright corona looks like soft flower petals surrounding the Moon. During Totality is the ONLY brief time that you can look at the Sun without special eclipse glasses because all of the Sun’s powerful rays are completely blocked. 


ANNULAR & TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE SAFETY

For both annular and total eclipses, remember to protect your eyes using eclipse glasses or a solar filter. Go to Eclipse Safety Resources for more eclipse safety information and make sure to review the Apprentice Eclipse Safety Lesson too.


Vocabulary

annular eclipse – when the Moon passes directly in front of the Sun, but appears to be too small to completely cover the Sun

annularity – when the Moon blocks only the center of the Sun, leaving a ring of light visible during an annular eclipse. Annularity is the maximum phase of an annular solar eclipse.

corona – outer atmosphere of the Sun

maximum phase – the phase of an eclipse when the Moon is lined up with the Sun

total solar eclipse – when the Moon passes directly in front of the Sun completely blocking the Sun from view

totality – when the Moon blocks the entire Sun from view during a total solar eclipse. Totaility is the maximum phase of a total solar eclipse.

Discussion / Notes

Write, draw, or verbally discuss the answers to the following:

  • What is annularity?
  • What is totality?

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Official NASA grantee logo Eclipse Soundscapes is an enterprise of ARISA Lab, LLC and is supported by NASA award No. 80NSSC21M0008. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

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